Industrial System- How we make things

Industrial System Questions

What does production mean?

Production is the process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs (plans, know-how) in order to make something for consumption (output). It is the act of creating an output, a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of individuals.

What is the difference between production & manufacturing?

Manufacturing is the process where machines produce goods from raw materials. Production is the process of converting resources into finished products. Manufacturing includes the production of goods which can be immediately sold off and are suitable for use.

What is the size of the global industrial system?

The global market for General Manufacturing is estimated to be US$649.8 Billion in the year 2020, and is projected to reach a revised size of US$732.2 Billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 1.7% over the period 2020-2027.

What types of waste are produced by the global industrial systems?

Chemical waste, solid waste, liquid waste, toxic/hazardous waste

Which industries cause the biggest CO2 emissions? Electricity and Heat (between 11 Million and 14.5+ Million within 2001-2016)

How many physical products are manufactured per year?

Inconclusive

Where are physical products produced?

See question 11.

Which raw materials are used most?

Sand: Every year around 40-50 billion tonnes of sand and gravel is extracted, which is roughly half of the total weight of all materials extracted totally. In comparison, around 4 billion tonnes of oil and 2 billion tonnes of wood are being extracted yearly.

How much energy is used globally?

World primary energy consumption fell to 556.63 exajoules in 2020. The coronavirus pandemic and its impact on transportation fuel demand and overall economic performance resulted in primary energy consumption declining to 2016 levels.

How much capital is used for manufacturing?

Capital investments in manufacturing activities worldwide, 2016-2018. An analysis by Trendeo.

Only data from 2016 – 2018 but might be a good indicator. The data in here is quite interesting – related to investment projects, foreign direct investment etc.

How many Co2 emissions are used globally?

2020 34.81 billion metric tons

Co2 emission to produce

TV 638 kg/unit

Sofa 378 kg/unit

Bicycle 109 kg/unit

Mobile 50 kg/unit

Beef fillet 50 kg/unit

Which of the top 3 countries produce most physical products?

Which top 3 companies produce most physical products?

Consumer goods: Nestle (92billion), PepsiCo, Protect & Gamble

https://consumergoods.com/top-100-consumer-goods-companies-2021?utm_source=2019list&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=Top+100+2021

Building materials: Saint Gobain (50billion), LafargeHolcim, CEMEX

https://blog.bizvibe.com/blog/top-10-largest-building-materials-companies

Cars (Toyota 275milion), trains (CRRC Corporation 32billion), ships (China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation 42billion)

Electronics: Apple (365billion)

• Based on annual revenue

Biggest Companies based on market capitalization (billion dollars)

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How much is exported/ imported in physical products?

https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ditctab2020d4_en.pdf

What is the most produced/ manufactured product in the world?

Industries with the biggest market share all over the world:

• Global Fastest Growing Industries by Revenue Growth (%) in 2021

Global Iron Ore Mining. 43.3%

Global Airport Operation. 40.1%

Global Travel Agency Services. 37.4%

Global Airlines. 33.6%

Global Heavy-Duty Truck Manufacturing. 29.0%

Global Deep-Sea, Coastal & Inland Water Transportation. 23.6%

Global Tourism. .21.9%

Global Coal Mining. 21.6%

Global Plastic Product & Packaging Manufacturing 17.4%

Global Commerial Aircraft Manufacturing 17%

What are different typs of production?

Job production, where items are made individually and each item is finished before the next one is started. Designer dresses are made using the job production method.

Batch production, where groups of items are made together. Each batch is finished before starting the next block of goods. For example, a baker first produces a batch of 50 white loaves. Only after they are completed will they start baking 50 loaves of brown bread.

Flow production, where identical, standardised items are produced on an assembly line. Most cars are mass-produced in large factories using conveyor belts and expensive machinery such as robot arms. Workers have specialised jobs, for instance, fitting wheels.

Mass production

Continiousproduction

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z3fvcdm/revision/1